Bass horns should be grouped to obtain the correct mouth size.Horn systems are approx 20 efficient, cone speakers are approx 2 efficient.
Horn systems are capable of giving a closer approximation of musical reality. With precision alignment their performance achieves the highest performance in linearity, fidelity, dispersion, efficiency and power. But horn systems require critical alignment that is rarely achieved. The 3 octave rule allows for no errors because errors are magnified. Horn system technology was researched in detail during the 1950s and virtually no new information has been discovered since. Folded Horn Speaker Design Theory Drivers Are MachinedQuality compression drivers are machined to exact tolerances within microns. Unfortunately today, selling is driven by marketing not by consumer understanding. Cost cutting in manufacture relates to errors that magnify acoustical distortion within the music. Many senior engineers have expressed disgust of these practices. This text honours the original engineers whos love of music and acoustic technology stood above ego and personal gain. This text is also a contradiction to much of the present marketing hype and to those whose identities are attached to brand names, and model numbers. To achieve this the horn must turn smoothly through 90deg (exponential). Air cannot slip sideways, therefore air mass (radiation resistance) to the speaker (driver) is constant. With no horn the cone movement increases 4 times for each octave decrease including a widening of dispersion. These small wave-lengths bounce around inside the horn chaotically. It is essential to rescale a smaller horn for the next 3 octaves. These irresponsible marketing terms loosely refer to horn directivity. These speakers should have a very high BL (extra large magnet and voice coil) and much stronger cones than would be normally used for a standard front loaded speaker cabinet. There are other unique variations of horn and driver arrangements available, not described in this text. Folded Horn Speaker Design Theory Portable And FitThe length of the horn is the most difficult to achieve if the bass horn has to be portable and fit within a given space. The compromise is to keep to the correct flare rate, and mouth size.
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